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During restoration, files or directories may be created, renamed or overwritten outside the intended extraction directory. This could lead to unauthorized file modification or, in some cases, privilege escalation. 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{"acknowledgement": "Red Hat would like to thank Marcin Wyczechowski (AFINE Team) and Micha\u0142 Majchrowicz (AFINE Team) for reporting this issue.", "bugzilla": {"description": "tar: tar: TOCTOU in incremental dumpdir 'X' rename handling allows restore path escape", "id": "2509735", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2509735"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "4.4", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-367", "details": ["A TOCTOU (Time-of-Check Time-of-Use) vulnerability in GNU tar's incremental dumpdir 'X' rename handling allows a local attacker with write access to a directory being backed up to influence the restore process if the attacker has access to the system where the restore is being performed. During restoration, files or directories may be created, renamed or overwritten outside the intended extraction directory. This could lead to unauthorized file modification or, in some cases, privilege escalation. Exploitation does not require the attacker to modify or craft the archive, and standard backup and restore workflows\u2014including extracting into a newly created directory without using the -P option do not mitigate the issue."], "mitigation": {"lang": "en:us", "value": "Avoid restoring incremental backups on systems where untrusted users have shell access, particularly if they could have modified or controlled any of the backed-up data. When restoring backups containing user-controlled content, perform the restoration only on systems that are inaccessible to those users."}, "name": "CVE-2026-18477", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "tar", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "tar", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "tar", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "tar", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "tar", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "aardvark-dns", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "chunkah", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "grafana12.4", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "grafana13.1", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "netavark", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "nodejs26", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "python-cryptography", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "rust", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "rust-rpm-sequoia", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "tar", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "yarnpkg", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "rhcos", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}], "public_date": "2026-07-31T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-18477\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-18477"], "statement": "This issue affects GNU tar incremental backup and restore (-g/-G). A local user who can write to content included in an incremental backup, and who can also access the system where that backup is later restored, may cause the restore to create, rename, or overwrite paths outside the intended extraction directory via a TOCTOU race in dumpdir 'X' handling. The attacker does not need to craft or alter the archive, and extracting into a fresh directory without -P does not mitigate the issue. Red Hat is assessing impact for the tar package in supported products.", "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": null}], "product": "tar", "vendor": "gnu"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": null}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 100.0, "confidence_source": "manual", "scores": [{"score": 100.0, "source": "manual"}]}, "original": {"product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Red Hat"}, "product": "enterprise_linux", "vendor": "redhat"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": null}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 83.0, "confidence_source": "matching", "scores": [{"score": 83.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Red Hat Hardened Images", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Red Hat"}, "product": "hardened_images", "vendor": "redhat"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": null}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 83.0, "confidence_source": "matching", "scores": [{"score": 83.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Red Hat Hardened Images", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Red Hat"}, "product": "hardened_images", "vendor": "redhat"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": null}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 86.0, "confidence_source": "matching", "scores": [{"score": 86.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Red Hat"}, "product": "openshift_container_platform", "vendor": "redhat"}], "created": "2026-08-04T10:15:04.652966+00:00", "updated": "2026-08-05T10:22:10.037568+00:00", "vendors": ["gnu", "gnu$PRODUCT$tar", "redhat", "redhat$PRODUCT$enterprise_linux", "redhat$PRODUCT$hardened_images", "redhat$PRODUCT$openshift_container_platform"]}